Maternal Mortality Rate
Maternal Mortality Rate
As per the latest report of the Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System (RGI-SRS), Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India has shown a decline from 212 per 100,000 live births in the period 2007-09 to 178 in 2010-12 and further to 167 per 100,000 live births in the period 2011-13.
Similarly, India has recorded a drop in fertility from 2.4 (SRS 2012) to 2.3 (SRS 2013).
Under the Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5) the target is to reduce Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) by three- quarters between 1990 and 2015. Based on the UN Inter–Agency Expert Group’s MMR estimates in the publication “Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2013", the target for MMR is estimated to be 140 per 100,000 live births by the year 2015 taking a baseline of 560 per 100,000 live births in 1990. If the MMR declines at the same pace, India will achieve an MMR of 140 per 100,000 live births by 2015 and India will achieve the MDG target.
The country is likely to achieve the target for Total Fertility Rate by the end of the twelfth plan.
The unmet need has declined and the contraceptive prevalence rate too has gone up is given below:
Unmet Need for 11 high focus states
S. No.
|
States
|
AHS** 10-11
|
AHS 12-13
|
1
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
29.7
|
20.7
|
2
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
22.4
|
21.6
|
3
|
Uttarakhand
|
23.2
|
15.3
|
4
|
Chhattisgarh
|
26.4
|
24.4
|
5
|
Jharkhand
|
30.5
|
22.3
|
6
|
Bihar
|
39.2
|
31.5
|
7
|
Rajasthan
|
19.6
|
13.0
|
8
|
Assam
|
24.0
|
13.1
|
9
|
Odisha
|
23.2
|
18.9
|
DLHS I
|
DLHS III
|
||
10
|
Gujarat*
|
19.7
|
16.5
|
11
|
Haryana*
|
17.5
|
16.0
|
*For Gujarat and Haryana DLHS figures has been taken as these states are not covered under AHS
**AHS: Annual Health Survey; DLHS: District Level Health Survey
Modern Contraceptive Usage for 11 high focus states
S.No.
|
States
|
AHS 10-11
|
AHS 12-13
|
1
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
31.8
|
37.6
|
2
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
57.0
|
59.4
|
3
|
55.4
|
54.3
|
|
4
|
Chhattisgarh
|
49.5
|
57.2
|
5
|
Jharkhand
|
38.0
|
43.7
|
6
|
Bihar
|
33.9
|
36.5
|
7
|
Rajasthan
|
58.8
|
62.4
|
8
|
Assam
|
35.7
|
38.1
|
9
|
Odisha
|
44.0
|
46.3
|
DLHS I
|
DLHS III
|
||
10
|
Gujarat*
|
52.0
|
54.3
|
11
|
Haryana*
|
52.7
|
54.5
|
*For Gujarat and Haryana DLHS figures has been taken as these states are not covered under AHS
The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
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| Measures to Check Maternal Deaths |
| Under the National Health Mission (NHM), financial support is provided to the States/UTs for strengthening their healthcare delivery system including support for provision of free drugs to those who access public health facilities based on requirements reflected in their Programme Implementation Plans. Under the NHM-Free drug service Initiative and substantial funding is also provided to States/UTs with the conditionality. An incentive of up to 5% additional funding over and above the normal allocation of the state under NRHM-RCH Flexipool is provided to State/UTs to introduce free medicine scheme. In addition, Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense delivery including Caesarean section, which includes free drugs, etc. and similar entitlements for all sick infants accessing public health institutions for their treatment. The key steps taken to accelerate the pace of reduction for Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) under the National Health Mission (NHM) are: • Promotion of institutional deliveries through Janani Suraksha Yojana. • Capacity building of health care providers in basic and comprehensive obstetric care. • Operationalization of sub-centres, Primary Health Centres, Community Health Centres and District Hospitals for providing 24x7 basic and comprehensive obstetric care services. • Name Based Web enabled Tracking of Pregnant Women to ensure antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care. • Mother and Child Protection Card in collaboration with the Ministry of Women and Child Development to monitor service delivery for mothers and children. • Antenatal, Intranatal and Postnatal care including Iron and Folic Acid supplementation to pregnant & lactating women for prevention and treatment of anaemia. • Engagement of more than 8.9 lakhs Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) to generate demand and facilitate accessing of health care services by the community. • Village Health and Nutrition Days in rural areas as an outreach activity, for provision of maternal and child health services. • Health and nutrition education to promote dietary diversification, inclusion of iron and folate rich food as well as food items that promote iron absorption. • Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) has been launched on 1st June, 2011, which entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense delivery including Caesarean section. The initiative stipulates free drugs, diagnostics, blood and diet, besides free transport from home to institution, between facilities in case of a referral and drop back home. Similar entitlements have been put in place for all sick infants accessing public health institutions for treatment. • To sharpen the focus on the low performing districts, 184 High Priority Districts (HPDs) have been prioritized for Reproductive Maternal Newborn Child Health+ Adolescent (RMNCH+A) interventions for achieving improved maternal and child health outcomes. The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today. |
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