Availability of Vaccines Against Swine Flu



    Availability of Vaccines Against Swine Flu
The Government of India has recommended trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine which is available in the country and can be obtained as per the requirement. Based on epidemiological evidence, the advice of World Health Organization (WHO), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and subject experts, the Government of India recommends vaccination of high risk groups with seasonal influenza vaccine.


The recommendations for prioritized groups are as given below:-

1. Healthcare workers, pregnant women, persons with chronic illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes, cancer and those who are immune-compromised; children having chronic diseases like asthma, neuro-developmental conditions, heart diseases, kidney disorder, liver disorder, diabetes, blood disorders, metabolic disorders and immune-compromised.

2. Vaccine is desirable for elderly individuals (> 65 years of age) and children between 6 months to 8 years of age.

3. Keeping in mind that there may be enhanced Influenza A (H1N1) pdm 2009 virus activity, similar to that witnessed in the early part of this year, for the ensuing winter months from December, 2015- March, 2016, the currently available vaccine (Northern hemisphere trivalent vaccine for the winter of 2015-16) is recommended, as the Influenza A (H1N1) pdm 2009 sub type included in the vaccine remains the same since 2009. Further, this vaccine has the approval of Drug Controller General (I).

The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
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Research on Cancer Treatment in the Country
The technological advances in the field of cancer treatment in various specialties are an ongoing process. The treatment of cancer is by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery and palliative care. The State Government Health facilities and Central Government Institutions, such as AIIMS, Safdarjung Hospital, RML Hospital, PGIMER (Chandigarh), JIPMER (Puducherry), CNCI (Kolkata), etc., provide facilities for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The ICMR has developed and disseminated guidelines for management of various types of cancers.

India has signed an MoU with National Cancer Institute of USA in which ICMR, AIIMS and DBT are the parties for cooperation on Cancer Research Prevention, Control and Management. India is also a member of International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) which is a WHO body for research on Cancer.

The MoS (Health), Shri Shripad Yasso Naik stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
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Effective System for Controlling Swine Flu Menace
The Influenza A H1N1 virus that caused the Influenza Pandemic during 2009-10 continues to circulate in the community causing sporadic outbreaks in various parts of the country. In 2015, the impact of the outbreak of Seasonal Influenza A H1N1 has been largely in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh.

Delhi has reported 4288 cases of Influenza A H1N1 and 12 related deaths in the year 2015 till 22nd November, which is higher than the figures for year 2014. While declaring the Influenza Pandemic to be over in 2010, World Health Organization informed that the Pandemic Influenza virus would continue to circulate as Seasonal Influenza virus causing sporadic cases and outbreaks of various intensities.

Health is a state subject. However, for containment of the impact of this seasonal influenza, States have been provided guidelines on screening, risk categorization of patients, clinical case management and ventilator management. These guidelines have been also uploaded on the website of the Health Ministry. Advisories from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) at various levels regarding preparedness measures have been issued to States/UTs from time to time. The States are procuring drug Oseltamivir, N-95 masks and Personal Protective Equipment as per requirement. An emergency stock of Oseltamivir drug, N-95 masks and Personal Protective Equipment is also being maintained by the MOHFW to meet any sudden requirement. To guide and assist the State Governments, teams from MOHFW have been sent this year to Telangana, Rajasthan, Kerala, Jammu and Kashmir, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The MOHFW is in regular touch with affected State Governments/UTs to ascertain and resolve difficulties, if any.

The laboratory network of Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme and Indian Council of Medical Research across different parts of India is providing free testing facilities for Influenza A H1N1. To raise the awareness about Influenza among general public, IEC campaign is undertaken in national and local newspapers and through Radio and Television.

Training for Master Trainers in Ventilatory/ICU management is also provided to doctors from State Governments by the MoHFW.

The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
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Full Immunization Coverage by 2020

As per the HMIS data of 2014-15 (as on November 2015), full immunization coverage of the country is 85.7%. The Government of India has identified 201 high focus districts in 28 State/UTs where nearly 50 per cent all unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children reside. The details of 201 districts are   given below:-

Mission Indradhanush - 201 High Focus Districts-Phase I

S. NO
STATE
S. NO
DISTRICT
S. NO
DISTRICT
1
Andhra Pradesh
1
East Godavari
2
Guntur
3
Krishna
4
Kurnool
5
Visakhapatnam


2
Arunachal Pradesh
1
Changlong
2
East Kameng
3
East Siang
4
Lohit
5
Upper Siang


3
Assam
1
Bongaigaon
2
Darrang
3
Dhubri
4
Goalpara
5
Hailakandi
6
Karimganj
7
Kokrajhar
8
Nagaon
4
Bihar
1
Araria
2
Begusarai
3
Champaran East
4
Champaran West
5
Darbhanga
6
Gaya
7
Jamui
8
Katihar
9
Kishanganj
10
Muzaffarpur
11
Patna
12
Saharsa
13
Samastipur
14
Sitamarhi
5
Chhattisgarh
1
Balodabazaar Bhatapara
2
Bijaapur
3
Bilaspur
4
Dantewada
5
Jashpur
6
Korba
7
Raipur
8
Sarguja
6
Delhi
1
North-East
2
North-West
7
Gujarat
1
Ahmedabad
2
Ahmedabad Corpn.
3
Banaskantha
4
Dahod
5
Dangs
6
Kutch
7
Panchmahals
8
Sabarkantha
9
Valsad


8
Haryana
1
Faridabad
2
Gurgaon
3
Mewat
4
Palwal
5
Panipat


9
Jammu and Kashmir
1
Doda
2
Kishtwar
3
Punch
4
Rajauri
5
Ramban


10
Jharkhand
1
Deoghar
2
Dhanbad
3
Giridih
4
Godda
5
Pakur
6
Sahibganj
11
Karnataka
1
Bangalore (U)
2
Bellary
3
Gulbarga
4
Koppal
5
Raichur
6
Yadgir
12
Kerala
1
Kasaragod
2
Malappuram
13
Madhya Pradesh
1
Alirajpur
2
Anuppur
3
Chhatarpur
4
Damoh
5
Jhabua
6
Mandla
7
Panna
8
Raisen
9
Rewa
10
Sagar
11
Satana
12
Shadol
13
Tikamgarh
14
Umariya
15
Vidisha


14
Maharashtra
1
Beed
2
Dhule
3
Hingoli
4
Jalgaon
5
Nanded
6
Nasik
7
Thane


15
Manipur
1
Churachandpur
2
Senapati
3
Tamenglong
4
Ukhrul
16
Meghalaya
1
East Khasi Hill
2
West Garo Hills
3
West Khasi Hill


17
Mizoram
1
Lawngtlai
2
Lunglei
3
Mamit
4
Saiha
18
Nagaland
1
Dimapur
2
Kiphire
3
Kohima
4
Mon
5
Tuensang
6
Wokha
19
Odisha
1
Boudh
2
Gajapati
3
Ganjam
4
Kandhamal
5
Khurda
6
Koraput
7
Malakangiri
8
Nabarangpur
9
Nuapada
10
Rayagada
20
Pondicherry
1
Yanam


21
Punjab
1
Gurdaspur
2
Ludhiana
3
Muktsar
4
Pathankot*
22
Rajasthan
1
Alwar
2
Barmer
3
Bundi
4
Dhaulpur
5
Jaipur
6
Jodhpur
7
Karauli
8
Sawai Madhopur
9
Tonk


23
Tamil Nadu
1
Coimbatore
2
Kancheepuram
3
Madurai
4
Thiruvallur
5
Tiruchirapalli
6
Tirunelveli
7
Vellore
8
Virudhunager
24
Telangana
1
Adilabad
2
Mahbubnagar
25
Tripura
1
Dhalai
2
Tripura North
3
Tripura West


26
Uttar Pradesh
1
Agra
2
Aligarh
3
Allahabad
4
Amethi
5
Amroha
6
Auraiya
7
Azamgarh
8
Badaun
9
Badohi
10
Bahraich
11
Balrampur
12
Banda
13
Barabanki
14
Bareilly
15
Bulandshahar
16
Chitrakoot
17
Etah
18
Etawah
19
Farrukhabad
20
Ferozabad
21
Ghaziabad
22
Gonda
23
Hapur
24
Hardoi
25
Hathras
26
Kannauj
27
Kasganj
28
Kaushambi
29
Kheri
30
Mainpuri
31
Mathura
32
Meerut
33
Mirzapur
34
Moradabad
35
Muzaffarnagar
36
Pilibhit
37
Sambhal
38
Shahjahanpur
39
Shamli
40
Siddharthnagar
41
Sitapur
42
Sonbhadra
43
Srawasti
44
Sultanpur
27
Uttarakhand
1
Hardwar


28
West Bengal
1
24-Parganas North
2
24-Parganas South
3
Bardhaman
4
Birbhum
5
Murshidabad
6
Uttar Dinajpur

*Gurdaspur district of Punjab has been bifurcated into two: Guradaspur and Pathankot. Therefore, Punjab now has four districts.
The Government has conducted four week-long intensified immunization drives i.e. “Mission Indradhanush” for four consecutive months starting from 7th April to July 2015.  More than 75 lakh children were vaccinated and more than 20 lakh pregnant women received tetanus toxoid vaccine during Phase 1 of Mission Indradhanush. The micro-plan has been strengthened and updated after Mission Indradhanush and missed areas incorporated in the revised micro-plans.   Further, Intensive training was carried out for health workers including frontline workers, to strengthen their skills. In addition, during Mission Indradhanush, IEC was strengthened to bring in awareness in the community and to create demand for Routine Immunization.
The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.

                                                       *****
Printing of Warning Signs/Pictures on Tobacco Packets
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare notified the new health warnings through the Cigarettes and other Tobacco Products (Packaging and Labeling) Amendment Rules, vide G.S.R-727 dated 15th October 2014. As per the New Rules, pictorial health warnings shall occupy at least eighty five percent (85%) of the principal display area of the package (85% includes 60% of pictorial health warning and 25% of textual health warning).

This notification was to come into effect from 1st April 2015. However, in view of the fact that the matter was under examination of Committee on Subordinate Legislation (CoSL), Lok Sabha, a corrigendum was issued on 26th March 2015 suspending the date of implementation and stating that the date of implementation shall be as appointed/notified by the Government.

On 24th September 2015, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has notified that the New Rules on pictorial health warnings would come into effect from 1st April 2016.

The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
*****
Launching of E-Hospital Service
The e-hospital service has been launched on 1st July, 2015 with the following objectives:-

1) To avail OPD appointment services,

2) To integrate payment gateway for online payments, and

3) To facilitate patients in viewing their lab reports and check blood availability status in hospitals.

Presently, this service have been made available in various Hospitals which include All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi; Sports Injury Centre, New Delhi; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, etc. Online registration service has also been started in Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals from November, 2015.

However, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is establishing National Medical College Network (NMCN) wherein 41 Government medical colleges are being networked in the first phase riding over National Knowledge Network (NKN) with the purpose of e-Education and e-Healthcare delivery.

The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
*****

Policy for Tackling Major Diseases
The Department of Health and Family Welfare is implementing various National programmes on All India basis in relation to a number of diseases including Communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, dengue, chickengunya, lymphatic filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, HIV-AIDS and non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardio vascular diseases, stroke, deafness, blindness, mental illness, etc. The Government also implements a National Programme for universal immunization against many vaccine preventable diseases. The activities up to the district level under the disease control programmes are being implemented under the National Health Mission (NHM) which also provides funds for strengthening health systems and infrastructure in the States. An Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) is also implemented with the objective of early detection and response to various disease outbreaks. For each programme, necessary budget is allocated and made available subject to inter-se priorities and availability of funds.

The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
*****

Law for Regulating Surrogacy
As per the Law Commission Report No. 228 of 2009, India is a favorable destination for foreign couples looking for Surrogacy and mentions ART industry is now Rs. 25,000 crore industry.

As per two independent studies conducted by reputed agencies forwarded to the Department of Health Research, around 2,000 foreign babies are born to Indian surrogates every year and the international surrogacy services are offered by nearly 3,000 such clinics operating across the country. However, health being a state subject, the Government of India has issued comprehensive technical guidelines to the state governments to regulate surrogacy in their respective states. Under these guidelines, the state governments have been asked to set up state accreditation authorities and appropriate authorities to regulate and ascertain the prevalence of surrogacy in their respective states.

The Department of Health Research has drafted a legislation to regulate Surrogacy, Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Bill, 2015, which is under inter-ministerial consultation. Presently, National Guidelines for Accreditation, Supervision and Regulation of ART Clinics in India, 2005 issued by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to regulate Surrogacy are in-force. For preventing exploitation and misuse of technology, recently the Department of Health Research has issued instructions vide letter No. V. 25011/119/2015-HR dated 4th November, 2015 conveying the following:-

(a) Ministry of Commerce has issued notification banning the import of human embryos except for research purposes;

(b) Ministry of Home Affairs has issued directions to not grant visa/permission to foreign nationals (including OCI Cardholders) to visit India for commissioning Surrogacy.

In addition to the above, PC&PNDT Act 1994 and Medical Council of India’s guidelines also cover the unethical practices in Surrogacy.

The MoS (Health), Shri Shripad Yasso Naik stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.
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Special Measures to Control Dengue and Malaria
While there has been an upsurge of dengue cases and deaths reported in various states of the country, the number of cases and deaths of Malaria in the country have progressively declined. A statement showing state-wise dengue and malaria cases and deaths in 2014 and 2015 in the country is given below:-
Dengue and Malaria cases and Deaths in the Country during 2014 and 2015
Dengue
Malaria
S. No
States/UTs
2014
2015
(till 15th Nov)
2014
2015
(till September )
Cases
Deaths
Cases
Deaths
Cases
Deaths
Cases
Deaths
1
Andhra Pradesh
1262
5
2667
2
21077
0
19291
0
2
Arunachal Pradesh
27
0
1933
1
6082
9
3747
1
3
Assam
85
0
829
1
14540
11
10777
0
4
Bihar
297
0
1575
0
2043
0
2071
1
5
Chhattisgarh
440
9
362
1
128993
53
85145
8
6
Goa
168
1
254
0
824
0
592
1
7
Gujarat
2320
3
4343
8
41608
16
30301
1
8
Haryana
214
2
8021
12
4485
1
1975
0
9
Himachal Pradesh
2
0
19
1
102
0
49
0
10
Jammu and Kashmir 
1
0
137
0
291
0
151
0
11
Jharkhand
36
0
91
0
103735
8
63670
2
12
Karnataka
3358
2
4443
9
14794
2
6768
0
13
Kerala
2575
11
3534
23
1751
6
1127
2
14
Madhya Pradesh
2131
13
1592
6
96879
26
48329
11
15
Meghalaya
0
0
9
0
39168
73
34812
60
16
Maharashtra
8573
54
3461
19
53385
68
36785
22
17
Manipur
0
0
52
0
145
0
158
0
18
Mizoram
19
0
43
0
23145
31
21005
0
19
Nagaland
0
0
9
0
1936
2
1259
3
20
Odisha
6433
9
2167
2
395035
89
330336
56
21
Punjab
472
8
12628
13
1036
0
523
0
22
Rajasthan
1243
7
3466
7
15118
4
7991
0
23
Sikkim
5
0
21
0
35
0
20
0
24
Tamil Nadu
2804
3
3465
6
8729
0
4261
0
25
Tripura
6
0
33
0
51240
96
26288
17
26
Telangana
704
1
1664
2
5189
0
7770
3
27
Uttar Pradesh
200
0
2436
9
41612
0
27983
0
28
Uttrakhand
106
0
1382
1
1171
0
1194
0
29
West Bengal
3934
4
5703
9
26484
66
16844
28
30
Andaman and Nicobar Island
139
0
143
0
557
0
298
0
31
Chandigarh
13
0
737
0
114
0
133
0
32
Delhi
995
3
15531
38
98
0
44
0
33
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
641
1
1038
0
669
1
443
0
34
Daman and Diu
46
0
110
0
56
0
52
0
35
Puducherry
1322
1
493
0
79
0
40
1
36
Lakshadweep




0
0
2
0
Total
40571
137
84391
170
1102205
562
792234
217

As far as controlling Dengue is concerned, the Government of India provides technical guidelines to the States for prevention and control of dengue, including clinical management of dengue cases. Diagnosis for Dengue is provided through Sentinel Surveillance Hospitals (SSHs) and Apex Referral laboratories in Delhi. Periodic reviews have been done at the level of Hon’ble Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Secretary, Health and Family Welfare and Director General of Health Services. Advisories were issued including one from Hon’ble Minister of Health and Family Welfare to all Chief Ministers for prevention and control of Dengue. Focused Information Education Communication/Behavioral Change Communication (IEC/BCC) activities were carried out at National and State level with media mix strategies focusing on source reduction and personal protective measures. Central teams were deputed to the states where dengue cases were on the rise to assist the States.
For malaria, measures including early case detection and complete treatment for malaria, strengthening of referral services, epidemic preparedness and rapid response are taken for prevention and control.
Integrated Vector Management viz. Indoor Residual Spraying in selected high risk areas, Use of Insecticide treated bed nets and Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs), use of larvivorous fishes, anti larval measures in urban areas including biolarvicides, minor environmental engineering are done for reducing mosquitoes density.
Public Private Partnership, inter-sectoral convergence, Human Resource Development through capacity building, Operational research including studies on drug resistance of malaria and insecticide susceptibility are included as supportive interventions.
The Health Minister, Shri J P Nadda stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.





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