Problems faced by Tribals

Problems faced by Tribals

            Ever since the beginning of the planning process, efforts have been made to ensure that the tribal people are included in the growth process. However, there is still a considerable gap in human development indices between Scheduled Tribes (STs) and other social groups. As per Census 2011, National Family Health Survey-3 (2005-06) and other surveys, the status regarding Scheduled Tribes population is as follows:-

                                                                                                                 

(Figures in %)
Indicators	All Social Groups	STs
Persons below poverty line in rural areas, 2011-12 (Tendulkar Methodology)	25.7	45.3
Prevalence of Anemia in women (<12 .0="" deciliter="" grams="" per="" span="">	55.3	68.5
Child Mortality Rate	18.4	35.8
Infant Mortality Rate	57.0	62.1
Literacy Rate (Male)	80.9	68.5
Literacy Rate (Female)	64.6	49.4
Drop-out Rates (Class I - X) (2013-14 provisional)	47.4	62.4
Good Houses	53.1	40.6
Households availing latrine facilities within premises	46.9	22.7
Households having television	47.2	21.9
Households having two wheeler	21.0	9.0
Households with drinking water facilities at premises	46.6	19.7
Households using electricity as source of light	67.3	51.8

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs administers two special area programmes namely Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) and Grants under Article 275 (1) of the Constitution wherein funds are provided to 23 States and 27 States, respectively.  Under these programmes this Ministry supplements the State Tribal Sub Plan as an additive for undertaking various tribal development initiatives and for raising the level of administration in Scheduled Areas with an aim to boost the economic and social status of tribal people. The grants under Article 275(1) of the Constitution also cover setting up of Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs).  Besides, this Ministry has launched a new Central Sector Scheme ‘Van Bandhu Kalyan Yojana (VKY)’ during 2014-15. The VKY has been adopted as a strategic process to ensure effective utilization of available financial resources under Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP). This process envisages to ensure delivery of goods and services to the tribal population across the country while striking at the critical gaps in the sectors of Housing, Livelihood, Health & Sanitation, Drinking Water, Agriculture & Irrigation, Electricity, Education, Skill development, Sports & Games and Preservation of Cultural Heritage, etc. in a targeted manner through appropriate institutional mechanism.

Funds Released under Art.275(1)
(Rs.in Lakh)
S.N	States	2011-12	2012-13	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16 (as on 26.11.15)
		Total Release	Total Release	Total Release	Total Release	Total Release
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1	Andhra Pradesh	7998.00	4834.00	350.00	2139.00	3400.00
2	Arunachal Pradesh	1082.83	0.00	832.19	1880.40	1400.80
3	Assam	3419.00	0.00	3540.25	0.00	0.00
4	Bihar	959.00	0.00	0.00	586.00	0.00
5	Chhattisgarh	9294.00	8534.00	9172.11	10778.00	11904.31
6	Delhi	0.00	0.00	0.00	65.00	0.00
6	Goa	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	400.00
7	Gujarat	9426.00	4629.60	10275.69	8592.45	10350.00
8	Himachal Pradesh	431.00	474.00	474.00	190.99	444.32
9	Jammu & Kashmir	1390.00	150.34	1146.75	0.00	0.00
10	Jharkhand	9181.00	7369.50	9280.40	9873.00	8732.66
11	Karnataka	4263.00	4800.00	4800.00	4880.40	3590.00
12	Kerala	463.00	510.00	510.00	748.94	520.44
13	Madhya Pradesh	14015.50	16518.04	15793.47	17321.42	8912.16
14	Maharashtra	10805.00	2911.00	12489.00	11701.29	11700.67
15	Manipur	937.00	1031.00	1031.00	1600.00	779.40
16	Meghalaya	2798.00	0.00	2924.38	2334.03	303.02
17	Mizoram	1056.00	810.75	1133.61	1877.78	1119.81
18	Nagaland	2301.00	2454.00	2886.93	2067.15	2169.34
19	Odisha	11347.00	11283.99	14706.50	12728.22	12600.00
20	Rajasthan	7642.00	7737.98	9437.80	9755.92	6512.85
21	Sikkim	259.00	272.58	302.90	370.30	450.30
22	Tamil Nadu	614.25	0.00	901.00	639.60	0.00
23	Telangana	0.00	0.00	0.00	3894.40	4050.00
24	Tripura	1250.00	1375.00	1355.00	1218.99	1250.63
25	Uttar Pradesh	1484.91	200.00	0.00	743.49	1514.74
26	Uttarakhand	0.00	0.00	267.00	1530.36	92.02
27	West Bengal	6066.99	6104.00	6104.00	5747.00	6300.00
Grand Total		108483.48	81999.78	109713.98	113264.13	98497.47

Funds Released under SCA to TSP
(Rs. in lakh)
S.N	States	2011-12	2012-13	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16 (as on 26.11.15)
		Total Release	Total Release	Total Release	Total Release	Total Release
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1	Andhra Pradesh	6057.00	4125.00	5789.00	2937.82	2080.00
2	Assam	5475.00	4674.00	6563.63	1788.59	3000.00
3	Bihar	1147.00	0.00	0.00	403.00	313.30
4	Chhattisgarh	10645.00	9478.00	9478.00	9826.50	6654.80
5	Goa	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
6	Gujarat	8838.00	7410.00	8448.00	10382.74	10500.00
7	Himachal Pradesh	1851.00	1262.00	1768.00	998.00	357.00
8	J & K	1143.00	0.00	1702.41	0.00	0.00
9	Jharkhand	10704.00	11413.25	12187.00	9571.10	7844.00
10	Karnataka	2170.00	1853.25	2471.00	3000.00	2840.50
11	Kerala	574.00	549.00	549.00	530.00	357.50
12	Madhya Pradesh	15593.85	17525.00	17525.00	15274.22	8203.25
13	Maharashtra	7055.93	0.00	7728.00	11726.17	7738.46
14	Manipur	705.00	1230.00	1581.90	1118.00	665.00
15	Odisha	14449.15	13321.00	13321.00	14925.04	13485.03
16	Rajasthan	1840.00	7441.00	8377.00	8822.04	5005.00
17	Sikkim	451.01	437.00	437.00	520.25	210.00
18	Tamil Nadu	572.00	0.00	651.00	217.33	0.00
19	Telangana	0.00	0.00	0.00	3541.00	3100.00
20	Tripura	2244.00	1955.00	2102.10	1183.94	1400.07
21	Uttarakhand	0.00	0.00	139.60	805.83	0.00
22	Uttar Pradesh	0.00	0.00	0.00	697.79	905.51
23	West Bengal	4720.00	2580.75	4181.36	5730.00	6133.00
Total		96234.94	85254.25	105000.00	103999.36	80792.42

Funds released under Vanbandhu  Kalyan Yojana (VKY)  during the year 2014-15 and 2015-16 (as on 26.11.2015) (Rs. in lakh)
S.No.	Name of States	2014-15	2015-16
		Funds Released	Funds Approved	Funds Released
1	2	3	4	5
1	Andhra Pradesh	1000.00	500.00	250.00
2	Arunachal Pradesh	0.00	200.00	200.00
3	Bihar	0.00	310.00	250.00
4	Chhattisgarh	1000.00	1416.50	0.00
5	Gujarat	1000.00	1723.00	547.00
6	Himachal Pradesh	1000.00	100.00	0.00
7	Jharkhand	1000.00	1593.60	0.00
8	Kerala	0.00	100.00	100.00
9	Madhya Pradesh	1000.00	2900.00	0.00
10	Maharashtra	1000.00	2000.00	0.00
11	Mizoram	0.00	200.00	200.00
12	Nagaland	0.00	310.65	310.65
13	Odisha	1000.00	1800.00	150.00
14	Sikkim	0.00	135.00	125.00
15	Rajasthan	1000.00	1692.84	646.42
16	Telangana	1000.00	720.00	320.00
17	Tripura	0.00	250.00	250.00
18	Uttar Pradesh	0.00	170.00	170.00
19	West Bengal	0.00	1000.00	900.00
Total		10000.00	17121.59	4419.07

            This information was given by Union Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Shri Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava in a written reply in Rajya Sabha. 

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Issue of Polavaram Dam Tribals

As informed by the National Commission for Scheduled Tribe (NCST), a constitutional body, it has never refused to meet tribals and their leaders from Polavaram Dam.

However, a representation dated 01.12.2013 from Dr. P. Pulla Rao of Polavaram, Andhra Pradesh addressed to Union Minister of Tribal Affairs regarding oppression and brutality against tribals in Devaragodhi, Polavaram Mandalam, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh was sent to the NCST on 03.12.2013 desiring that team of NCST may be deputed immediately for going to the place for on-site assessment for requisite needy and corrective measures. The Chairperson deputed Member, NCST, Smt. K. Kamala Kumari on 1.1.2014 to visit Polavaram.

Smt. K. Kamala Kumari visited the Polavaram project site from 07.01.2014 to 11.01.2014. Her report was discussed in the 64th meeting of Commission held on 21.11.2014. The State Government of Andhra Pradesh was provided the tour report by the Commission with the request to furnish the action taken report (ATR) on it, to the Commission. ATR has not been received in the Commission as yet.

This information was given by Union Minister for Tribal Affairs Shri Jual Oram in a written reply in Rajya Sabha.

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Superstitions among Tribal Population

It is a fact that several superstitions are prevailing among the general population of the country, including the tribals.

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs has no programme that collects information about the various kinds of superstitions prevailed among the tribal people. It, however, implements various schemes wherein financial assistance is provided to States for promoting education among the scheduled tribes namely, Post Matric Scholarship for Scheduled Tribe Students, Hostels for Scheduled Tribe Boys and Girls, Establishment of Ashram School in Tribal Sub Plan Areas, Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship, Top Class Education and National Overseas Scholarship for Scheduled Tribes, etc. These schemes also aim at creating awareness amongst the tribals about the ill-effects of superstitions.

This information was given by Union Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Shri Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava in a written reply in Rajya Sabha.

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Increasing Grants-in-Aid for Welfare of Tribals

Budget allocation made to the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for the various welfare schemes of scheduled tribes during the last three years and the current year is given as under:

(Rs. in crore)

Year	BE
2012-13	4090.00
2013-14	4279.00
2014-15	4479.00
2015-16	4792.19

It is evident from the above table that the budget allocation made available to the Ministry has been increasing over the years.

            This information was given by Union Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Shri Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava in a written reply in Rajya Sabha.

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Implementation of recommendation of Prof. Virginius Xaxa Committee

The Government has taken cognizance of the recommendations made by the High Level Committee under Prof. Virginius Xaxa. The recommendations are being examined in consultation with the Ministries/Departments and Tribal Welfare Departments of States.

This information was given by Union Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Shri Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava in a written reply in Rajya Sabha.